Please see the section on Course Description Symbols and Terms in the University Catalog for an explanation of course description terminology and symbols, the course numbering system, and course credit units. All courses are lecture and discussion and employ letter grading unless otherwise stated. Some prerequisites may be waived with faculty permission. Many syllabi are available on the Chico Web.

Biological Sciences Course Offerings

SUBJ NUM	Title	Units	Semester Offered	Course Flags
BIOL 102	Introduction to Living Systems	3.0	FS	GE
This course is also offered as SCED 102. An integrated study of the nature and interactions of living things and their environments. This course is an introduction to the processes of evolution and speciation, ecology and ecosystem processes, cellular biology and organismal physiology. The course is primarily for students without a strong background in high school biology or chemistry. The course includes online content delivery, in-class discussion, and a hands-on activity session. 2 hours discussion, 2 hours activity. This is an approved General Education course. (020372)
BIOL 103	Human Anatomy	4.0	SMF	GE
Study of the structure of the human body, to include muscles, bones, heart, brain, ear, eye, and other systems, as well as a short look at development of the fetus. Lab work entails dissection of the cat and study of the human skeleton. 3 hours lecture, 2 hours activity. This is an approved General Education course. (001110)
BIOL 104	Human Physiology	4.0	FS	GE
Basic functioning of the organ systems of the human body, including the brain and nervous system; vision and hearing; heart and circulation; blood and immunity; respiration, digestion and metabolism; muscles; excretory, endocrine, and reproductive systems. 3 hours lecture, 2 hours activity. This is an approved General Education course. (001114)
BIOL 105	Food, Fiber, and Drugs	3.0	FS	GE
Designed specifically for non-majors. Emphasis on broad biological principles, as illustrated by plants, and the economic importance and role of plants in human ecology. 2 hours lecture, 2 hours activity. This is an approved General Education course. (001119)
BIOL 109	The Biological University Experience	1.0	FS
A university success course for biology majors new to California State University, Chico. Appropriate for all incoming freshmen and transfer students. The course explores academic and social opportunities in addition to resources available to promote successful completion of the student's educational goals. Meets twice a week for the first half of the semester. 1 hour lecture. Credit/no credit grading. (021133)
BIOL 151	Principles of Cellular and Molecular Biology	4.0	FS	GE
Prerequisites: Recommend CHEM 111 or concurrent enrollment. Introduction to biological molecules, bioenergetics, cellular structure and function, elements of molecular biology and genetics, and mechanisms of macroevolution and systematics. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. This is an approved General Education course. (001122)
BIOL 152	Principles of Ecological, Evolutionary, and Organismal Biology	4.0	FS	GE
Prerequisites: BIOL 151 or faculty permission; recommend CHEM 112 or concurrent enrollment. Introduction to evolutionary history and biological diversity, microbes and protists, invertebrates, vertebrates, and plants. Form and function of plants and animals. Ecological principles. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. This is an approved General Education course. (001123)
BIOL 153	Principles of Physiology and Development	4.0	FS	GE
Prerequisites: BIOL 151; CHEM 112 or concurrent enrollment recommended. Introduction to plant and animal physiology and development. Laboratory consists of small group independent investigations of biological questions that include student-devised experiments; application of biological techniques, data analysis, and peer reviewed presentation of results. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. This is an approved General Education course. (020284)
BIOL 198	Special Topics	1.0 -3.0	FS
This course is for special topics offered for 1.0-3.0 units. Typically the topic is offered on a one-time-only basis and may vary from term to term and be different for different sections. See the Class Schedule for the specific topic being offered. 3 hours discussion. (001135)
BIOL 211	Allied Health Microbiology	4.0	FS
Prerequisites: BIOL 103, BIOL 104, BIOL 151, or SCED 102; CHEM 107, CHEM 108, or CHEM 111. Introduction to structure/function, metabolism, genetics, ecological interactions and pathogenic mechanisms of microorganisms. In addition, the roles of microorganisms in sanitation and in the food and biotechnology industries will be discussed. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (001132)
BIOL 302	Evolution	3.0	FS	GE
Prerequisites: One biological sciences course. Analysis of the evidence for evolution and the nature of the process. Darwinism, neo-Darwinism, sociobiology, conflicts and misconceptions regarding evolution, creationism, and evolution of the human body and mind are considered. 3 hours discussion. This is an approved General Education course. (001139)
BIOL 302Z	Evolution - Capstone	3.0	FS	GE WI C
Prerequisites: One biological sciences course. Analysis of the evidence for evolution and the nature of the process. Darwinism, neo-Darwinism, sociobiology, conflicts and misconceptions regarding evolution, creationism, and evolution of the human body and mind are considered. 3 hours discussion.This is an approved Writing Intensive course. This is an approved General Education Capstone course. (021355)
BIOL 303	Human Genetics	3.0	FS	GE
Prerequisites: One biological sciences course. The inheritance, expression, and evolution of the genetic material in humans. Topics include genetic engineering, gene therapy, prenatal diagnosis, cancer, the human genome project, genetic influences on human behavior, such as homosexuality and mental illness, and the social and ethical consequences of the new technologies. 3 hours discussion. This is an approved General Education course. (001140)
BIOL 318	Biology of Childhood	3.0	FS	GE
Prerequisites: One biological sciences course. Basic biological principles, including the scientific method, reproduction, development, physiology, and anatomy. The biological basis of childhood diseases, immunity, nutrition, issues of health and well-being, and the relevance of biological information in social, political, and ethical decision making regarding children. 3 hours discussion. This is an approved General Education course. (001151)
BIOL 322	Science and Human Values	3.0	FS	GE
Prerequisites: One biological sciences course. This course is also offered as PHIL 322. Critically examines scientific and humanistic world views and sensibilities, directly applying these approaches to contemporary social and personal problems. 3 hours lecture. This is an approved General Education course. (001148)
BIOL 322I	Science and Human Values - Writing Intensive	3.0	FS	GE WI
Prerequisites: One biological sciences course. This course is also offered as PHIL 322I. Critically examines scientific and humanistic world views and sensibilities, directly applying these approaches to contemporary social and personal problems. 3 hours lecture.This is an approved Writing Intensive course. This is an approved General Education course. (021254)
BIOL 323	Biology of Sex	3.0	FS	GE
Prerequisite: SCED 102. This course explores sex, gender, sexual expression, and mating behavior in humans and non-humans from an evolutionary biological perspective. Why does sex exist? Why do genders exist? What are the alternatives? Why is sex expression so variable in nature? What explains the diversity of courtship and mating behaviors? The course emphasizes lessons gleaned from applying the principles of scientific inquiry toward the study of these and related questions. 3 hours lecture. This is an approved General Education course. (021160)
BIOL 334	Conservation Ecology	3.0	FS	GE
Prerequisites: One biological sciences course. An examination of ecological principles and the impact of increasing population and technology upon the environment. 3 hours discussion. This is an approved General Education course. (001156)
BIOL 345	Health and Lifestyle Diseases	3.0	FS	GE
Prerequisites: One lower-division course in Biological Sciences. An evaluation of the most common major diseases that affect our society and the lifestyle choices that contributes to them. A major theme is that the risk of acquiring many diseases can be reduced through lifestyle changes. 3 hours discussion. This is an approved General Education course. (001165)
BIOL 350	Fundamentals of Ecology	3.0	FS	GW
Prerequisites: Completion of GE Written Communication (A2) requirement; BIOL 152 or faculty permission. Some taxonomic background is recommended. Interrelationships among living organisms, field observations of such phenomena. Application of quantitative and qualitative methods to the interpretation of ecological phenomena. 2 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. This is an approved Graduation Writing Assessment Requirement course; a grade of C- or higher certifies writing proficiency for majors. (001206)
BIOL 360	Genetics	4.0	FS
Prerequisites: BIOL 153 or permission of instructor. A detailed study of the principles of classical, molecular, and population/evolutionary genetics. Activities will include computer simulations of segregation, linkage, and population genetics, internet-based database searches for genetic diseases and cloned genes, and searches of the current genetic literature. 3 hours lecture, 1 hour discussion. (001173)
BIOL 369	Advanced Plant Biology	3.0	FA
Prerequisites: BIOL 151, BIOL 152, and BIOL 153, or faculty permission. Advanced study of plant anatomy, morphology, physicology, ecology, and evolution. 2 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (020280)
BIOL 370	Advanced Zoology	3.0	SP
Prerequisites: BIOL 151, BIOL 152, and BIOL 153, or faculty permission. Advanced study of animal anatomy, morphology, physiology, ecology, and evolution. 2 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (020281)
BIOL 371	Microbiology	4.0	FS	GW
Prerequisites: Completion of GE Written Communication (A2) requirement; BIOL 151, BIOL 152, BIOL 153, or faculty permission. Introduction to the biology of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, as well as viruses. Topics include cell structure, metabolism, genetics; ecological interactions; pathogenic mechanisms; and the roles of microorganisms in sanitation, food production, and biotechnology. The lab focuses on methods for growing and studying diverse microbes. 2 hours lecture, 6 hours laboratory. This is an approved Graduation Writing Assessment Requirement course; a grade of C- or higher certifies writing proficiency for majors. (020279)
BIOL 389	Clin Laboratory Observation	1.0	FS
Prerequisites: Microbiology/Clinical Laboratory Science majors with no previous clinical laboratory experience and who have completed BIOL 470 or CHEM 252; faculty permission. Students observe in a clinical hospital laboratory and in a private clinical laboratory. 3 hours supervision. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 15.0 units. Credit/no credit grading. (001161)
BIOL 398	Special Topics	1.0 -3.0	FS
This course is for special topics offered for 1.0-3.0 units. Typically the topic is offered on a one-time-only basis and may vary from term to term and be different for different sections. See the Class Schedule for the specific topic being offered. 3 hours discussion. (001166)
BIOL 399	Special Problems	1.0 -3.0	FS
This course is an independent study of special problems offered for 1.0-3.0 units. You must register directly with a supervising faculty member. Research in biology under direct supervision of faculty member. For majors only. This course counts toward the upper-division biology units required for the BS. 9 hours supervision. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 6.0 units. Credit/no credit grading. (001167)
BIOL 402	Microbial Ecology	4.0	FA
Prerequisites: BIOL 152. Recommended: BIOL 371. The roles and interactions of viruses, bacteria, algae, protozoa, and fungi in the natural and human environment, stressing fundamental principles of ecology and evolution. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (001225)
BIOL 404	Aquatic Ecology	4.0	F2
Prerequisites: BIOL 152, CHEM 112. Physical, chemical, and biological factors influencing the ecology of inland waters. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (001207)
BIOL 408	Principles of Evolution	3.0	FA
Prerequisites: BIOL 360. A detailed study of the evolutionary process, including history, natural selection, population genetics, molecular evolution, speciation, coevolution, and macroevolution. 3 hours discussion. (001201)
BIOL 409	Molecular Biology	4.0	SP
Prerequisites: BIOL 153, BIOL 360. Detailed analysis of structure and related functions of cells with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of gene expression and gene regulation. Lectures and laboratory sessions focus on current theories and methodologies associated with cloning, nucleic acid analysis, gene expression, bioinformatics, and genomics. 2 hours lecture, 6 hours laboratory. (020282)
BIOL 411	Cell Biology	4.0	FA
Prerequisites: BIOL 153, BIOL 360. Detailed study of cellular function with an emphasis on intracellular and intercellular communication. Topics include protein structure and function, properties of biological membranes, signal transduction, protein trafficking pathways, vesicular transport, cell cycle, apotopsis and cancer. 3 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. (001169)
BIOL 412	Bacterial Physiology	4.0	S1
Prerequisites: BIOL 371, BIOL 360, CHEM 270. CHEM 451 is recommended. Study of bacterial structure and function, modes of metabolism, regulatory responses to environmental change and stress, and microbial aspects of nutrition and growth. 2 hours discussion, 6 hours laboratory. (001222)
BIOL 414	Plant Physiology	4.0	SP
Prerequisites: BIOL 153 or SCED 102; CHEM 108 or CHEM 270; or faculty permission. Functions in higher plants; water and soil relations, photosynthesis, respiration, enzyme action, and growth. 3 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. (001181)
BIOL 416	Vertebrate Physiology	4.0	FS
Prerequisites: BIOL 152, BIOL 153; CHEM 108 or CHEM 270. General features of vertebrate physiology. Function of muscular, nervous, respiratory, circulatory, excretory, and endocrine systems. 2 hours discussion, 6 hours laboratory. (001180)
BIOL 418	Neurophysiology	4.0	SP
Prerequisites: BIOL 152, BIOL 153; CHEM 108 or CHEM 270. This course provides students with background and fundamental information necessary to pursue neuroscience at the graduate or professional level. Cellular and molecular mechanisms within mammalian central nervous system are emphasized. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (001219)
BIOL 422	General Entomology	4.0	SP
Prerequisites: BIOL 152 or faculty permission. Recommended: BIOL 153. The morphology, ecology, and physiology of insects. Economic entomology and medical entomology, and taxonomy. 2 hours discussion, 6 hours laboratory. (001210)
BIOL 426	Embryology	4.0	FA
Prerequisites: BIOL 152, BIOL 153, or faculty permission. Principles and theories of animal development, emphasizing the vertebrate. 3 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. (001188)
BIOL 428	Animal Behavior	3.0	F1
Prerequisites: BIOL 153. Consideration of the basic problems in animal behavior, including orientation, social behavior, and the nature and organization of animal societies. 2 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. (001205)
BIOL 430	Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates	4.0	F1
Prerequisites: BIOL 152, BIOL 153. Explanation of the anatomical similarities and differences of selected vertebrates. The evolution and adaptive significance of various systems are considered. 2 hours discussion, 6 hours laboratory. (001171)
BIOL 432	Biology of Fishes	4.0	F1
Prerequisites: BIOL 152, BIOL 153. Morphology, ecology, behavior, and systematics of California fishes, with an introduction to fisheries biology. 2 hours discussion, 6 hours laboratory. (001208)
BIOL 433	Herpetology	4.0	S2
Prerequisites: BIOL 152. The morphology, evolution, physiology, behavior, ecology, and taxonomy of amphibians and reptiles. California amphibians and reptiles are emphasized, including field studies of local species. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (001212)
BIOL 434	Ornithology	4.0	S2
Prerequisites: BIOL 152, BIOL 153. The morphology, evolution, ecology, physiology, taxonomy, and behavior of birds, including field studies of local species. 2 hours discussion, 6 hours laboratory. (001213)
BIOL 435	Mammalogy	3.0	FA
Prerequisites: BIOL 152. Study of evolution, anatomy, physiology, ecology, and behavior of mammals. California mammals will be emphasized in lab. 2 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. (001215)
BIOL 436	Waterfowl Biology and Wetland Management	3.0	FA
This lecture, lab, and field course exposes students to the evolution, ecology, morphology, classification, and identification of North American waterfowl. Additionally, this course has a strong hands-on wetland management component, as well as extensive exposure to the primary literature. 2 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (021105)
BIOL 442	Plant Morphology	4.0	F1
Prerequisites: BIOL 153. Comparative morphology of plant types, emphasizing evolution of structures and methods of reproduction. 3 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. (001191)
BIOL 446	Plant Pathology	4.0	FA
Prerequisites: BIOL 153 or PSSC 101 or faculty permission. Study of plant pathology encompassing parasitism and disease in plants, pathogen attack strategies, diseased plant physiology, plant defense mechanisms, environmental effects on disease and descriptions of diseases and treatments. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (001194)
BIOL 448	Plant Diversity and Identification	4.0	SP
Prerequisites: BIOL 152 or faculty permission. Principles of plant classification with field study of local flora, emphasizing the higher plants and their phylogenetic relationships. 2 hours discussion, 6 hours laboratory. (001198)
BIOL 451	Plant Geography	3.0	F2
Prerequisites: BIOL 152, BIOL 369. The composition and distribution of plant communities, emphasizing the ecological, environmental, and evolutionary processes that affect them. 2 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (020283)
BIOL 460	Histology	4.0	S1
Prerequisites: BIOL 152, BIOL 153. Microscopic analysis of tissues, organs, and organ systems of vertebrates emphasizing mammalian histophysiology. 3 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. (001170)
BIOL 462	Hematology	3.0	FS
Prerequisites: BIOL 153. Recommended: CHEM 270. The study of blood in normal and abnormal conditions. 2 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. (001174)
BIOL 466	Immunology	4.0	SP
Prerequisites: BIOL 153. The development and expression of the immune response, the basic principles of antigen-antibody reactions and their relevance to medicine, genetics, taxonomy, and evolution. 3 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. (001220)
BIOL 470	Medical Bacteriology	5.0	FA	GW
Prerequisites: Completion of GE Written Communication (A2) requirement; BIOL 371, BIOL 466, CHEM 270. Immunization against tetanus and diphtheria required. Biological characteristics of medically important bacteria. Mechanisms of pathogenecity and host-resistance. Laboratory procedures for isolation and identification. 3 hours discussion, 6 hours laboratory. This is an approved Graduation Writing Assessment Requirement course; a grade of C- or higher certifies writing proficiency for majors. (001182)
BIOL 472	Microbial Genetics	4.0	FA
Prerequisites: BIOL 360. BIOL 371 is recommended. The molecular basis of mutation and recombination, mechanisms of gene transfer, transcription in bacteria and bacteriophages, genetics and biochemistry of regulation of bacterial operons, and bacteriophage development, and recombinant DNA application to genetic engineering. 3 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. (001224)
BIOL 476	General Virology	4.0	SP
Prerequisites: BIOL 151, BIOL 371. Recommended: BIOL 360. The physical, chemical, and biological properties of bacteria and animal viruses, and their interactions with the host at cellular and organismic levels. 3 hours discussion, 3 hours laboratory. (001185)
BIOL 482	Bioinformatics for Biologists	4.0	SP
Prerequisites: BIOL 360, MATH 315. This is an introduction to some of the bioinformatics techniques and programs commonly used by biologists to analyze large datasets such as the human genome, microbiomes, proteomic datasets, etc. While not requiring any programming experience, this course includes writing simple queries using SQL and basic programming using Perl scripts. 3 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (021658)
BIOL 484	Field Ecology	3.0	SP
Prerequisites: BIOL 152, BIOL 350. Principles of ecology illustrated in the context of biotic communities. Field studies using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Laboratory segment offered at local field sites. 1 hour discussion, 6 hours laboratory. (001203)
BIOL 489	Internship in Biology	1.0 -3.0	FS
Prerequisites: Necessary background for the specific internship. This internship course is offered for 1.0-3.0 units. You must register with a supervising faculty member. The internship program is designed to provide students with direct field or laboratory research experience in occupational settings. 9 hours supervision. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 15.0 units. Credit/no credit grading. (001228)
BIOL 490	Peer Mentoring in the Biological Sciences	2.0	FS
Prerequisite: Faculty permission. Lecture/discussions to train peer mentors for the biology majors' introductory courses laboratory sections. Peer mentors' laboratories are scheduled to coincide with a lab section for the course in which they are mentoring. Peer mentors assist the laboratory instructor in all phases of lab planning, set-up, and tear-down. In addition peer mentors become involved in laboratory instruction including explaining procedures, providing demonstrations, answering questions, and student evaluation. Peer mentors are encouraged to offer help during the scheduled lab period when first-year mentees inquire about class choices, studying, and other student issues. The peer mentoring program is a rewarding way to help first-year students become part of the university and community. 1 hour lecture, 3 hours independent study. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 4.0 units. Credit/no credit grading. (021033)
BIOL 492	Seminars in Biological Science	1.0	FS
Prerequisites: Junior or senior standing or faculty permission. Analysis of seminars on various topics in the biological sciences. 1 hour seminar. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 6.0 units. Credit/no credit grading. (001232)
BIOL 494	Senior Seminar in Biology	1.0	FS
Prerequisites: Senior standing. Presentation and discussion of scientific reports based on current literature. 1 hour seminar. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 3.0 units. Credit/no credit grading. (001230)
BIOL 498	Special Topics	1.0 -4.0	FS
This course is for special topics offered for 1.0-4.0 units. Typically the topic is offered on a one-time-only basis and may vary from term to term and be different for different sections. See the Class Schedule for the specific topic being offered. (001242)
BIOL 499	Special Topics	1.0 -3.0	FS
Prerequisites: Faculty permission. This course is an independent study of special problems offered for 1.0-3.0 units. You must register directly with a supervising faculty member. 9 hours supervision. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 6.0 units. Credit/no credit grading. (001243)
BIOL 499H	Honors Research in Biological Sciences	3.0 -6.0	INQ
Prerequisites: Faculty permission. An intensive 6-unit, one-year course in biological research. See department office for details. (Open only to students with at least a 3.0 GPA in the major.) The course will consist of participation in a team research effort. 9 hours supervision. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 6.0 units. (001244)
BIOL 600	Research in Biological Sciences	3.0	FA
Prerequisites: Admission into the graduate program in biology or botany. Orientation to literature review and thesis research. Strategies and techniques used in molecular, cellular, organismic, and ecological research. Required of all biology/botany graduate students during their first fall semester and will include sign-up for the Graduate Qualifying Examination to be given the next semester. 3 hours seminar. (001245)
BIOL 605	Biological Seminar	1.0	FS
Presentation and discussion of reports based on current biological literature and special studies by graduate students. 1 hour seminar. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 6.0 units. (001249)
BIOL 609	Advanced Cellular/Molecular Biology	4.0	F2
Prerequisites: BIOL 409 or CHEM 451. Theory and strategies used in procaryotic and eucaryotic molecular biology. DNA manipulations, cloning systems, immunological assays, and protein purification and analytical techniques. 3 hours seminar, 3 hours laboratory. (001279)
BIOL 610	Topics in Cell/Molecular Biology	1.0 -3.0	S1
Prerequisites: BIOL 609. This course is a special topic offered for 1.0-3.0 units. Detailed discussion of selected topics in molecular and cellular biology. Extensive survey of current literature and analysis of research strategies. Topics are selected and advertised by instructor. Past topics have included molecular actions between plants and microbes; pathogenesis of disease; oncogenes and signal transduction. 1 hour discussion. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 9.0 units. (001281)
BIOL 611	Advanced Physiology/Cell Biology	4.0	F1
Prerequisites: BIOL 411 or BIOL 414 or BIOL 416. Examination of the underlying molecular and bio-chemical mechanisms which allow physiological adaptations, establishment of pattern formation and differentiation of eucaryotic organisms. 3 hours seminar, 3 hours laboratory. (001280)
BIOL 612	Topics in Physiological/Developmental Biology	1.0 -3.0	S2
Prerequisites: BIOL 611. This course is a special topic offered for 1.0-3.0 units. You must register directly with a supervising faculty member. Detailed discussion of selected contemporary topics in physiological and developmental biology. Topic will be selected and advertised by the instructor. 1 hour discussion. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 9.0 units. (001285)
BIOL 613	Population Ecology	4.0	S1
Prerequisites: BIOL 350. Study and lecture/discussion of population ecology, with an emphasis on field methods used on local populations. 2 hours seminar, 6 hours laboratory. (001303)
BIOL 614	Topics in Ecology and Systematics	1.0 -3.0	F2
Prerequisites: BIOL 350. This course is a special topic offered for 1.0-3.0 units. You must register directly with a supervising faculty member. Detailed investigation of selected special topics in ecology, systematics, or evolutionary biology. Extensive survey of current literature. Topics will be selected and advertised by the instructor. 3 hours seminar. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 4.0 units. (001291)
BIOL 614L	Topics in Ecology/Systematics	3.0	FS
1 hour seminar, 6 hours laboratory. (001295)
BIOL 660	Landscape Ecology	3.0	FA
Prerequisites: BIOL 350 or GEOG 444; MATH 314 or MATH 350 or GEOG 315. This course is also offered as GEOG 660. This course emphasizes spatial patterning in the landscapeits causes, development, and importance for ecological and environmental processes. The course includes the study of ecological and anthropologic aspects of landscape pattern and change. The laboratory includes hands-on experience with tools used in landscape ecology. 2 hours lecture, 3 hours laboratory. (020295)
BIOL 668	Community and Ecosystem Ecology	3.0	S2
Prerequisites: BIOL 350 and a statistics course. The analysis, modeling, and computer simulation of the structure and function of communities and ecosystems, with emphasis on patterns of competition, predation, energy and nutrient flow and succession. 2 hours seminar, 3 hours laboratory. (001305)
BIOL 672	Plant Ecology	4.0	S1
Prerequisites: BIOL 350, BIOL 448, graduate standing. Autecology, emphasizing California vascular plants, with focus on current topics in behavioral and reproductive ecology. Field project work and detailed literature survey. 2 hours seminar, 6 hours laboratory. (001299)
BIOL 697	Independent Study	1.0 -4.0	FS
This course is a graduate-level independent study offered for 1.0-3.0 units. You must register directly with a supervising faculty member. Survey and careful study of literature, experimentation, observation, and collection of data in field and laboratory. 9 hours supervision. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 6.0 units. (001319)
BIOL 699T	Master's Thesis	1.0 -6.0	FS
This course is a master's study offered for 1.0-6.0 units. You must register directly with a supervising faculty member. 3 hours supervision. You may take this course more than once for a maximum of 6.0 units. Credit/no credit grading. (001320)